This old neighborhood was inhabited by the pre-Hispanic tribes of the region before the arrival of the Spaniards. From 1521 on, the old Zapotec village of Jalatlaco was converted by the conquistador Francisco de Orozco, into a Spanish enclave, founded on their allies the Nahuas or the Mexicas. Later during the colonial era, this area was know for the elaboration of saddlery.
It is located in the northwest part of the city of Oaxaca, 20 blocks from the zocalo, or about a  5 minute walk.
Jalatlaco is one of those places that still holds its charm almost in secret. In spite of its apparent close proximity to the Historic Downtown, anyone can walk through the cobbled streets of this small neighborhood and immediately perceive that tranquility around them. The secret to this calm is that most of its buildings are inhabited by local people.  Only a few have been developed for guest houses, hotels, inns or restaurants.
Within the District of Jalatlaco you can visit the Temple of San Matías Jalatlaco. The exact date of its construction has never been established, but it is thought to date back from the early 17th century. Its current appearance is the result of the reconstruction which began at the end of that century and was completed in 1713, as is indicated by the date recorded on the keystone of the front door. This church was originally dedicated to St. Catarina Martir, then dedicated to St. Matthew beginning in 1700. There previously was a cemetery that ceased functioning during the Reformation.
The temple is very simple: a single nave that is oriented south to north, and does not contain a cross or dome. Its four sections are covered by semicircular archways that run with half moon formations, which allow for high side windows to be placed.
The charm of this temple lies in its facades. On the left side of the front facade stands a bell tower with interesting corner pilasters, where indigenous artisans freely interpreted the foliage motifs of the Corinthian capitals.

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